2022 – Page 2 – Eritrea Wire

December 30, 2022

Eritrean Forces Begin Withdrawal as Ethiopia, Tigray Peace Agreement Holds

NAIROBI, KENYA — Witnesses in the towns of Axum and Shire, in Ethiopia’s Tigray region, say some Eritrean forces withdrew Friday. It is unclear when the Eritrean troops will completely withdraw to their borders.

The withdrawal may ease fears of the Tigray rebel group, which has accused the forces of killing civilians and blocking aid.

The presence of Eritrean forces is seen as an obstacle to the enforcement of the peace agreement signed in South Africa in November between Ethiopia’s federal government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front.

Mulu Beyene is a Tigrayan living in Norway. This week, he connected with his mother and other relatives in the Tigray region after the restoration of telecommunication services. He said Eritrean forces need to leave the region.

“The fact that they began reportedly leaving some parts of Tigray is a welcome development; most importantly, it needs to be followed through all other towns and villages of Tigray, too,” he said.

Beyene spoke to relatives in Adwa town Friday. He said Eritrean forces, militias and government forces are in charge of the town, where abuses against the population continue.

“There are many types of military people around the town. People largely don’t know what has what mandate, because Eritrea seems to be in the vicinity of the town. Federal police are also holding some pockets of the town, and there are other military people from the Amhara region that come and go from time to time. Sometimes they arrest people and killings are reported from time to time,” he said.

Ethiopian federal forces and Eritrean forces captured Adwa in October after the Tigray rebel group suffered losses and withdrew.

A week later, the warring factions met in South Africa and agreed to end hostilities, attend to the population’s humanitarian needs, and restore services in the region.

This week, the groups agreed to form a joint monitoring team to oversee the cease-fire and follow up on the peace deal’s implementation.

Tigray rebel group spokesman Getachew Reda said government forces were taking positions previously occupied by their troops.

“We have done every effort on our part to make sure that all the heavy weapons that we have at our disposal for the monitors to monitor,” Reda said. “Of course, the battalion that is responsible has already moved into position and it clearly shows that, with a clear understanding between our two sides, that there is nothing that cannot be achieved.”

Tigray regional leaders have expressed concerns about the presence of foreign forces and other militia groups.

Ahmed Mohamed, the head of the Center for Security and Strategic Studies, said the mistrust between the warring factions will be there for some time, despite making progress in stopping the war.

“The only obstacle I see so far maybe is in the area of trust between the parties and between individuals having followed what they have gone through so far in the last year or so, and the damages have been done so far. The idea of that trust is what will be very paramount, but I am sure with what we have seen so far, with the engagement so far with parties agreeing and conforming to the agreement, that mistrust will go,” he said.

Mohamed said the federal government must deliver peace as Tigray accepts being under central government leadership.

“The biggest loser in the whole conflict is the Tigray people and the Tigray leaders and therefore, they were most affected,” he said. “They were badly hit and because of that, it’s fair that the federal government comes down, cools down, remains calm and delivers to their best of its ability to bring back normalcy in the Tigray region. In essence, the whole thing lies with the federal government.”

The two-year conflict has killed hundreds of thousands of people and displaced millions. The peace agreement has brought some normalcy to Tigray families that can now reconnect as the region comes out of a long stretch of isolation from the rest of the country.

Source: Voice of America

December 29, 2022

2022: The MILESTONE YEAR

Jetex Annual Review

Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Dec. 29, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — The business aviation industry is currently going through the biggest transition in history, accelerated by the digitalisation, accessibility, and the exceptional travel conveniences that it offers against the backdrop of a gradual recovery from the health crisis. In many ways, it reflects the fourth industrial revolution, which is more significant, and its ramifications more profound, than in any prior period of human history.

With the private jet traffic setting new records in 2022, experts predict up to 8,500 new business jet deliveries until 2031, which amounts to an estimated total value of US$ 274 billion. At the same time, sustainability is at the top of the agenda to ensure that the industry develops in line with the decarbonisation goals set by IATA.

The record results could not have been achieved without the efficiency and exceptional ability of the business aviation industry to adapt and to remain connected to its customers, continuing to inspire their desire to travel and discover.

For the first time, Jetex invites you to discover the latest trends in private aviation, and what will shape the global industry in the future in its interactive annual review.

Discover

About Jetex:

An award-winning global leader in executive aviation, Jetex is recognized for delivering flexible, best-in-class trip support solutions to customers worldwide. Jetex provides exceptional private terminals (FBOs), aircraft fueling, ground handling and global trip planning. The company caters to both owners and operators of business jets for corporate, commercial and personal air travel. To find out more about Jetex, visit www.jetex.com and follow us on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn.

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2022 The Great Leap Jetex

Oleg Kafarov - Director of Portfolio Development & Corporate Communications
Jetex
+971 4 212 4900
teamorange@jetex.com

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December 29, 2022

African Union Monitoring Team Visits Ethiopia’s Tigray to Oversee Cease-Fire

East African and African Union officials arrived in the Tigray region of Ethiopia to launch a joint monitoring and verification mechanism for a peace deal signed in November to end the two-year war.

The mediating team, led by former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo and Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta, as well as African Union representatives and diplomats from various countries, arrived Thursday in Mekele, the Tigray region’s capital.

The team that helped broker a peace deal between Ethiopia’s federal government and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front in South Africa is keeping an eye on the cease-fire’s progress.

The warring factions have agreed to a joint African Union monitoring team to ensure that the peace agreement is being implemented and that no cease-fire violations are occurring.

The visiting delegation was welcomed by Tigray region president Debretsion Gebremichael and will be monitoring the full implementation of the peace agreement.

The agreement calls for the restoration of all services, the provision of adequate aid to the needy population, the disarmament of rebel groups, and the withdrawal of foreign forces and other militia groups from the region.

The delegation’s visit comes as the Tigray rebel group prepares to disarm and surrender the region to the federal government. The Tigray rebel group is hesitant to accept the move because they accuse Eritrean troops of attacking the population and obstructing humanitarian aid, as well as the presence of militias from the Amhara and Afar regions.

The government restored telecommunication services to more towns this week, and Ethiopian Airlines flew to Mekele for the first time in nearly two years on Wednesday, allowing families to reconnect.

Source: Voice of America

December 29, 2022

“You Can’t Buy the Good Personality but I think the People in Eritrea are Born with it” Delina Aman

Our guests today, Delina Aman and Iman Aman, were born and raised in California, USA. They are on their very first visit to Eritrea and recommend to the young Eritrean diaspora to visit their country of origin and be in touch with their roots.

• Welcome to Eritrea, your country of origin. Tell us something about yourselves.

My name is Delina Aman, and I am 24 years old. I studied Sociology at the University of California at Berkeley and graduated in 2020. I am studying medicine to become a doctor. And right now, I am preparing for the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT).

My name is Iman Aman, and I am 23. I was born and raised in the city of Orange, Orange County in California, USA. I also went to the University of California at Berkeley and got a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering and computer science. My goal is to get a PhD. in computer science. My sister and I are now in Asmara on our first visit to Eritrea.

• What are your first impressions here?

Iman: This is our first visit to Eritrea. It’s amazing that everybody we see is welcoming, and it’s so nice to speak in our mother tongue. People here are very warm in welcoming us and are very close to one another. Here, in Eritrea, I feel the most peaceful I’ve ever felt.

Delina: We’ve found quality people with very nice personalities. Wherever you go here in Eritrea you meet kind people. They treat you like a family, so it feels like we are surrounded by a great family. And it makes us proud to be part of such an amazing group of people. Another thing I’ve noticed is how creative and hardworking everyone is. You can’t buy that good personality but I think the people in Eritrea are born with it.

• Does the reality here match what you were imagining in the USA?

Delina: Our parents were always telling us about our home country and we have a community in the USA that gives us a glimpse of Eritrea. So, I did find some of what I expected, but the reality here is much more intense than what I was expecting. I feel a sense of belonging a lot more here than I did before coming here, and that is delightful.

• Tell us about your parents’ role in integrating you with the homeland, and about the Eritrean community in California.

Delina: We grew up learning our culture, our values, and our language. Our parents speak only in Tigrinya (our mother tongue) at home so that we could communicate with our families when we come to Eritrea. So my first language was Tigrinya, and I didn’t use English before I started schooling. Our parents also tell us about the history of our ancestors. And in California, we have a very good and strong community. We are not big and so we know one another. We hang out every weekend and are very close to each other like a family. I am very grateful for that as well.

• What places have you visited during your stay here?

Iman: The first place we saw was Dirfo and it was very beautiful. I haven’t seen such fog and mist touch the floor, and the weather was amazing. We’ve also visited the National Agricultural Research Institution in Halhale. We met the director of the institution and he showed us around. We’ve visited Mendefera, the origin of my parents, and Keren, a beautiful and clean city, and many important sites in Asmara. We are now planning to go to Massawa.

• Tell us your plans regarding your education.

Iman: My plan is to have some work experience and skills and have a Ph.D. in computer science. After that, I would love to come here and contribute in terms of technology. My parents worked hard to raise me, educate me, and make me who I am. I would love to pay them back. And helping my country is a huge part of my plan. Every Eritrean is part of the Eritrean history, and it’s my pleasure to be part of this.

Delina: I will continue my education in medicine, and after completing my studies, I really want to come to Eritrea and share my knowledge with my people. I consider myself very lucky to have parents who understand very well the importance of education. They invested a lot in our education. My mom has a Ph.D., and she inspired me to focus on education. So I wouldn’t be here without their dedication. I am also proud of my grandparents who were dedicated activists for the freedom of Eritrea during the struggle for independence. We also have aunts and uncles who were freedom fighters. So, I have so many influences on my life that helped me to know Eritrean values and history. A huge part of my plan is to be able to repay my society.

• What message would you give young Eritreans living abroad?

We want to say come here and see your country because you need to be in touch with your roots. Young Eritreans raised abroad, in particular, need to know exactly where they come from because it’s part of their identity. We would love to tell them that if they come here, they will be very proud to be Eritrean and realize how lucky they are to be part of the people.

We thank everybody who has shown us around, especially our cousin, Fuad Kahsay, who made our visit very beautiful. We also thank the Ministry of Information for giving us this opportunity. We’ll go back to America with a sense of pride that we are Eritrean.

Thank you so much!

Source: Ministry of Information Eritrea

December 29, 2022

Experts Weigh Risk of New COVID Mutations from China

The explosion of COVID infections in China since it relaxed its prevention and control measures has experts weighing the risks of new mutations that could prove to be more contagious or deadly that the currently dominant omicron strain.

According to an internal estimate from China’s top health officials reported by Bloomberg and the Financial Times, almost 250 million people in China may have caught COVID-19 in the first 20 days of December.

Ziyad Al-Aly, director of the Clinical Epidemiology Center at Washington University in St. Louis, told VOA Mandarin that infections are likely to soar further as millions of Chinese travel for the lunar New Year in just a few weeks.

A model from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington School of Medicine forecasts a major omicron epidemic to unfold in the coming months. The model shows that in the absence of renewed lockdowns and other stiff measures, the daily estimated infections could rise to 4.6 million by March 1, 2023.

Experts say the unprecedented surge increases the probability of a new virus mutation taking hold.

“When a virus is widely circulating in a population and causing many infections, the likelihood of the virus mutating increases,” the World Health Organization explained on its website last year. “The more opportunities a virus has to spread, the more it replicates – and the more opportunities it has to undergo changes.”

Al-Aly said that every time someone is infected, the virus has an opportunity to mutate, so an explosive increase in cases will undoubtedly increase the possibility of new mutations.

“We have not seen it yet, but that probability really is increasing dramatically now, just because the number of infections is exploding really, really quickly in a very, very short amount of time,” he said.

Peter Hotez, dean of the National School of Tropical Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, also believes that the surge of cases in China is likely to prompt the emergence of new mutations.

“The unchecked spread of COVID among a large unvaccinated or under-vaccinated population in China could do this (promote new variants). Similar to the emergence of Delta among an unvaccinated population in India in early 2021,” he said in a tweet.

The mutated strain, delta, first discovered in India in October 2020, is considered to be one of the driving factors of the second wave of the epidemic in India. Last year, it became the main epidemic strain in more than 100 countries.

According to Bloomberg, Chinese authorities submitted 25 new genetic samples taken in the past month from Beijing, Inner Mongolia and Guangzhou to GISAID, a database where scientists from around the world share coronavirus sequences to monitor mutations. Peter Bogner, chief executive officer of GISAID, said there is so far no sign suggesting any new variant of any significance.

Past mutations led to the emergence of omicron, which is less lethal than earlier versions but spreads very easily, as the dominant strain. But there is no guarantee that a future mutation might not cause more severe illness and deaths.

A study last month by a team of scientists from Africa Health Research Institute in Durban addressed that possibility. This study has not yet been peer-reviewed.

In an email to VOA Mandarin, Alex Sigal, the leading scientist of study and a faculty member at the Africa Health Research Institute and associate professor at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, said, “Our study showed there is a possibility that a more pathogenic variant may arise based on viral evolution in someone who was immunosuppressed. Whether such a variant will actually emerge is unclear.”

Because China was able to minimize the number of infections over the past three years with its zero-COVID policy, its population has less natural immunity than in other countries where omicron has become dominant because of its ability to evade immunity.

Sigal said because of that, other variants will find it easier to compete against omicron in China, raising the chances of a new strain becoming dominant.

However, Sigal said, “Omicron subvariants are also extremely good at replication and transmission. Therefore, the most likely scenario is that they will still outcompete any completely new variants, and it will be more of what we know – infections which are mostly unpleasant but not as dangerous since they tend not to spread to the lungs.”

Jin Dong-Yan, virologist in the University of Hong Kong’s Department of Biochemistry, noted that China’s vaccination rate is 90%, although the Chinese vaccines are not as effective as some of those developed elsewhere. Nevertheless, in an email to VOA Mandarin, he said he sees a low risk of new variants emerging and even if one does, it “will most probably be less virulent or dangerous.”

David Dowdy, an infectious-disease epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins, told VOA Mandarin in an email, “On a single country basis, the current COVID wave in China might be the biggest we have ever seen. But on a global basis, the omicron wave last winter was certainly bigger. Meaning, there is certainly a risk of a new variant emerging during this wave, sparking a global outbreak. But thanks to global levels of immunity, that risk is lower than it might have been a year or more ago.”

Source: Voice of America

December 28, 2022

Deriv’s partnership conference for top African achievers was a success

Deriv Global Partnerships team

Management and Africa Global Partnerships team

Deriv international team during gala dinner

KIGALI, Rwanda, Dec. 28, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — From September 30 to October 2, 2022, Deriv hosted their top-performing affiliates in Africa at a conference filled with networking opportunities, knowledge-sharing sessions, and social engagements. Deriv team members came from all over the region to meet with the affiliates from their respective countries.

A total of 100 top affiliates from Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, Tanzania, Botswana, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Namibia, Kenya, Ghana, Cameroon, and Uganda attended the 2-day conference that took place in Kigali, Rwanda. The affiliates participated in intimate roundtable discussions to exchange ideas and give feedback to improve Deriv’s partnership programmes. There were also learning sessions conducted by the affiliates themselves and the Deriv team.

African affiliates participate in Rwanda conference

African affiliates during learning sessions

Deriv affiliates participate in roundtable discussions exchanging ideas and giving feedback to Deriv’s team.

Godfrey Zvenyika, Head of the Deriv Rwanda office, said, “The management and Africa Global Partnerships team planned and executed this event to absolute perfection. This conference gave us insight into how our partners can network and feed off each other, resulting in them performing even better. It was a total pleasure watching the interactions and networking during this conference.”

The success of this inaugural conference has inspired plans for future events. Godfrey continued, “This is the first of many to come, and I believe the conferences can only get better. We are already looking forward to the next conference in February 2023 for the Francophone countries.”

Isabel Gambura, Country Manager, further added, “The conference gave us an amazing opportunity to connect face-to-face and share experiences with our affiliates, people we have been partnering with for years. In fact, one of our top partners shared a very touching story about how our partnership had allowed her to lead an independent life. It was truly great to see how our programmes impact our partners’ lives.”

The event ended with a gala dinner to celebrate the achievements of all the conference attendees throughout their Deriv partnership. Check out the highlights of the conference here.

About Deriv

For the last 22 years, Deriv has built an extensive global affiliate network through some of the most attractive partnership programmes in the industry. With a mission to make online trading accessible to anyone, anywhere, it offers various opportunities to earn commission via a diverse suite of trading apps for desktop and mobile. Its affiliates all around the world enjoy 24/7 support and exclusive resources. Deriv’s product offering includes seven intuitive trading platforms, over 200 tradable assets in markets such as forex, stocks, and cryptocurrencies, unique trade types, and more. Some trading conditions, assets, and platforms are unavailable to clients residing in the European Union.

PRESS CONTACT
Aleksandra Zuzic
aleksandra@deriv.com

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December 28, 2022

Huawei dévoile les 10 grandes tendances des solutions Smart PV pour un avenir plus vert

SHENZHEN, Chine, 28 décembre 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Huawei a tenu la conférence sur les 10 grandes tendances en matière de solutions photovoltaïques Smart PV, axant le débat sur le thème de l’accélération du développement de l’énergie solaire en tant que source d’énergie majeure. Lors de la conférence, Chen Guoguang, président de Huawei Smart PV+ESS Business, a partagé les réflexions de Huawei sur les 10 tendances des solutions Smart PV du point de vue de la collaboration multi-réseaux, de la transformation numérique et de l’amélioration de la sécurité.

Alors que la proportion des énergies renouvelables ne cesse d’augmenter, l’industrie de l’énergie solaire photovoltaïque a connu une croissance fulgurante. Elle doit toutefois encore relever de nombreux défis, notamment : comment continuer à réduire le coût actualisé de l’énergie (LCOE), comment améliorer l’efficacité de l’exploitation et de la maintenance, comment maintenir la stabilité du réseau électrique au fur et à mesure que la part des énergies renouvelables augmente, et comment assurer la sécurité du système de bout en bout.

« En cette période de croissance rapide de l’industrie de l’énergie solaire photovoltaïque, ces défis offrent également des possibilités », a déclaré Chen Guoguang. Entreprise tournée vers l’avenir, Huawei tient à partager ses idées et ses réflexions avec ses partenaires, ainsi qu’avec les organisations et les personnes qui s’intéressent au développement écologique et durable.

Tendance n^o 1 : Générateur PV+ESS

Au fur et à mesure que les énergies renouvelables alimentent les réseaux électriques, divers problèmes techniques complexes surviennent en termes de stabilité du système, d’équilibre de puissance et de qualité de l’énergie.

Par conséquent, un nouveau mode de contrôle est nécessaire pour accroître la capacité de contrôle de la puissance active/réactive et la capacité de réponse, et pour atténuer activement les fluctuations de fréquence et de tension. Grâce à l’intégration des technologies PV et ESS, ainsi qu’à la technologie de formation de réseau, nous pouvons construire des « générateurs Smart PV+ESS », qui utilisent le contrôle de la source de tension au lieu du contrôle de la source de courant, offrent un fort soutien par inertie, une stabilisation de la tension transitoire et des capacités de transmission par défaut. Les solutions PV passeront ainsi de la stratégie « grid-following » à la stratégie « grid-forming », ce qui contribuera à accroître l’alimentation en énergie solaire photovoltaïque.

Le projet de la mer Rouge en Arabie saoudite a été un jalon dans la pratique de ces technologies. Huawei, l’un des principaux partenaires, a fourni un ensemble complet de solutions, dont un contrôleur Smart PV et un système de stockage d’énergie sur batteries au lithium (BESS). Ce projet utilise 400 MW (PV) et 1,3 GWh (ESS) pour soutenir le réseau électrique, qui remplace les génératrices traditionnelles au diesel et fournit une énergie propre et stable à un million de personnes, construisant la première ville au monde alimentée à 100 % en énergies renouvelables.

Tendance n^o 2 : Haute densité et fiabilité

La fiabilité et la puissance élevée de l’équipement dans les centrales photovoltaïques joueront un rôle essentiel. Prenons l’exemple des onduleurs PV : de nos jours, la tension CC des onduleurs passe de 1 100 V à 1 500 V. Avec l’application de nouveaux matériaux tels que le carbure de silicium (SiC) et le nitrure de gallium (GaN), ainsi que l’intégration complète du numérique, l’électronique de puissance et les technologies de gestion thermique, on estime que la densité de puissance des onduleurs augmentera d’environ 50 % au cours des cinq prochaines années, et que la fiabilité élevée pourra être maintenue.

La centrale photovoltaïque de 2,2 GW de Qinghai, en Chine, se trouve à 3 100 m au-dessus du niveau de la mer et dispose de 9 216 régulateurs Smart PV Huawei (onduleurs) fonctionnant de façon stable dans cet environnement hostile. Le nombre total d’heures de disponibilité des onduleurs Huawei dépasse les 20 millions d’heures et la disponibilité atteint 99,999 %.

Tendance n^o 3 : Solution MLPE (électronique de puissance au niveau du module)

Stimulée par les politiques de l’industrie et les progrès technologiques, la solution PV distribuée a connu un développement vigoureux au cours des dernières années. Nous sommes confrontés à différents défis, tels que la façon d’améliorer l’utilisation des ressources en toiture, d’assurer un rendement énergétique élevé et d’assurer la sécurité du système PV+ESS. Par conséquent, une gestion améliorée est essentielle.

Dans un système PV, l’électronique de puissance au niveau du module (MLPE) fait référence à l’équipement électronique de puissance qui peut effectuer une commande améliorée sur un ou plusieurs modules PV, notamment les micro-onduleurs, les optimisateurs de puissance et les sectionneurs. Le MLPE apporte des valeurs uniques telles que la production d’électricité au niveau du module, la surveillance et l’arrêt sûr. Les systèmes photovoltaïques étant de plus en plus sûrs et intelligents, le taux de pénétration de l’énergie photovoltaïque dans le marché de l’énergie photovoltaïque distribuée devrait atteindre 20 à 30 % d’ici 2027.

Tendance n^o 4 : Stockage d’énergie Smart String

Comparée aux solutions ESS centralisées traditionnelles, la solution Smart String ESS adopte une architecture distribuée et une conception modulaire. Elle utilise des technologies innovantes et une gestion intelligente numérique pour optimiser l’énergie au niveau du bloc batterie et contrôler l’énergie au niveau du rack. Il en résulte plus d’énergie de décharge, un investissement optimal, une facilité d’exploitation et de maintenance, ainsi que la sécurité et la fiabilité tout au long du cycle de vie de l’ESS.

En 2022, dans le cadre du projet ESS de 200 MW/200 MWh à Singapour mené à des fins de régulation de fréquence et de réserve tournante, le plus grand projet BESS en Asie du Sud-Est, le système Smart String ESS, met en œuvre une gestion améliorée de la charge et de la décharge afin d’obtenir sur une période plus longue une puissance de sortie constante et d’assurer les avantages de la régulation de fréquence. En outre, la fonction d’étalonnage automatique de l’état de charge (SOC) au niveau du bloc-batterie réduit les coûts de main-d’œuvre et améliore considérablement l’efficacité de l’exploitation et de la maintenance.

Tendance n^o 5 : Gestion améliorée au niveau des cellules

À l’instar des systèmes PV qui s’orientent vers le MLPE, les BESS au lithium devraient se développer vers un niveau de gestion inférieur. Seule une gestion améliorée au niveau des piles peut permettre de faire face plus efficacement aux problèmes d’efficacité et de sécurité. À l’heure actuelle, le système traditionnel de gestion de batterie (BMS) ne peut que résumer et analyser des données limitées, et il est presque impossible de détecter les défauts et de générer des avertissements dans les premiers stades. Par conséquent, le BMS doit être plus sensible, intelligent et même prédictif. Cela dépend de la collecte, du calcul et du traitement de gros volumes de données, ainsi que des technologies d’IA pour trouver le mode de fonctionnement optimal et faire des prévisions.

Tendance n^o 6 : Intégration PV+ESS+réseau

Du côté de la production d’électricité, nous voyons de plus en plus de pratiques de construction de bases d’énergie propre PV+ESS, qui fournissent de l’électricité aux centres de charge par des lignes de transmission d’électricité à ultra-haute tension. Du côté de la consommation d’énergie, les centrales électriques virtuelles sont de plus en plus populaires dans de nombreux pays. Ces centrales combinent des systèmes PV distribués massifs, des ESS et des charges contrôlables, et mettent en œuvre une programmation flexible pour les unités de production d’énergie et les unités de stockage afin d’obtenir un écrêtement des pointes, etc.

Par conséquent, la construction d’un système d’énergie stable qui intègre le PV+ESS+réseau pour soutenir l’alimentation en énergie photovoltaïque et le raccordement au réseau deviendra une mesure clé pour assurer la sécurité énergétique. Nous pouvons intégrer le numérique, l’électronique de puissance et les technologies de stockage de l’énergie pour atteindre une complémentation multi-énergie. Les centrales électriques virtuelles peuvent gérer, exploiter et échanger intelligemment la puissance des systèmes PV+ESS distribués grâce à de multiples technologies, dont la 5G, l’IA et les technologies du cloud, qui seront mises en pratique dans un plus grand nombre de pays.

Tendance n^o 7 : Sécurité améliorée

La sécurité est la pierre angulaire du développement de l’industrie PV et ESS. Pour ce faire, nous devons envisager systématiquement tous les scénarios et tous les liens, et intégrer pleinement l’électronique de puissance, l’électrochimie, la gestion thermique et les technologies numériques afin d’améliorer la sécurité du système. Dans une centrale PV, les défauts causés par le côté CC représentent plus de 70 % de tous les défauts. Par conséquent, l’onduleur doit prendre en charge la déconnexion de la chaîne intelligente et la détection automatique du connecteur. Dans un scénario PV distribué, la fonction AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Breaker) deviendra une configuration standard, et la fonction d’arrêt rapide au niveau du module assurera la sécurité du personnel d’entretien et des pompiers. Dans le scénario ESS, de multiples technologies, comme l’électronique de puissance, le cloud et l’IA, doivent être utilisées pour mettre en œuvre une gestion améliorée de l’ESS depuis les cellules de batterie jusqu’à l’ensemble du système. Le mode de protection traditionnel basé sur la réponse passive et l’isolement physique est remplacé par la protection automatique active, mettant en œuvre une conception de sécurité multidimensionnelle du matériel au logiciel et de la structure à l’algorithme.

Tendance n^o 8 : Sécurité et fiabilité

En plus d’apporter des avantages, les systèmes photovoltaïques présentent également divers risques, y compris la sécurité de l’équipement et de l’information. Les risques pour la sécurité de l’équipement sont liés principalement à l’arrêt causé par des défauts. Les risques pour la sécurité de l’information désignent les attaques de réseau externes. Pour faire face à ces défis et à ces menaces, les entreprises et les organisations doivent établir un ensemble complet de mécanismes de gestion de la « sécurité » et de la « fiabilité », incluant la solidité, la disponibilité, la sécurité et la résilience des systèmes et des dispositifs. Nous devons également mettre en œuvre des mesures de protection de la sécurité personnelle et environnementale ainsi que de la confidentialité des données.

Tendance n^o 9 : Numérisation

Les centrales photovoltaïques classiques disposent d’une grande quantité d’équipement et manquent de moyens de collecte d’information et de production de rapports. La plupart des équipements ne peuvent « communiquer » les uns avec les autres, ce qui rend très difficile la mise en œuvre d’une gestion améliorée.

Avec l’introduction de technologies numériques de pointe comme la 5G, l’Internet des objets (IoT), le cloud computing, les technologies de détection et les mégadonnées, les usines photovoltaïques peuvent envoyer et recevoir de l’information en utilisant des « bits » (flux d’information) pour gérer les « watts » (flux d’énergie). Tout le lien entre la production, la transmission, le stockage, la distribution et la consommation est visible, gérable et contrôlable.

Tendance n^o 10 : Utilisations de l’IA

Alors que l’industrie de l’énergie se dirige vers une ère de données, l’amélioration des processus de collecte, d’utilisation et d’optimisation de la valeur des données est devenue l’une des principales préoccupations de toute l’industrie.

Les technologies d’IA peuvent être largement appliquées aux domaines des énergies renouvelables et jouer un rôle indispensable dans tout le cycle de vie de PV+ESS, notamment la fabrication, la construction, l’exploitation et la maintenance, l’optimisation et les opérations. La convergence de l’IA et des technologies comme le cloud computing et les mégadonnées s’intensifie, et la chaîne d’outils axée sur le traitement des données, la formation sur les modèles, le déploiement et l’exploitation, ainsi que la surveillance de la sécurité seront enrichies. Dans le domaine des énergies renouvelables, l’IA, comme l’électronique de puissance et les technologies numériques, entraînera une transformation profonde de l’industrie.

Finalement, Chen Guoguang a fait remarquer que les applications convergentes de la 5G, du cloud et de l’IA façonnent un monde où toute chose est sensible, connectée et intelligente. L’évolution est plus rapide qu’anticipé dans un premier temps. Huawei identifie les 10 premières tendances de l’industrie PV et décrit un monde vert et intelligent dans un avenir proche. Nous espérons que des personnes de tous les milieux se joindront à nous pour atteindre les objectifs de neutralité carbone et bâtir un avenir meilleur et plus vert.