UN Weekly Roundup: February 26-March 4, 2022

UN Security Council Meets After Russia Attacks Nuclear Plant

The U.N. Security Council was briefed in an emergency session Friday by the director-general of the International Atomic Energy Agency after Russian troops shelled Ukraine’s largest nuclear power plant and took it over. Rafael Grossi said the projectile that hit the Zaporizhzhia facility and sparked a fire did not damage any of the reactors and they are functioning normally.

IAEA Chief: Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Plant Safe After Russian Strike

Russia Isolated in Historic UN General Assembly Vote

Russia found it had just four friends in the international community Wednesday, when Belarus, Eritrea, North Korea and Syria were the only states willing to vote against a resolution condemning Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine. China, Iran, Cuba and other Moscow stalwarts chose to abstain in the vote that called for the complete withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine.

UN General Assembly Overwhelmingly Condemns Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine

Human Rights Council to Open Investigation Into War Crimes

Russia was further isolated at the U.N. Human Rights Council on Friday, when the 47-member body voted to set up an international independent commission of inquiry to investigate possible war crimes and human rights violations in Ukraine. Thirty-two members voted for establishing the commission, 13 abstained, and only Eritrea and Russia voted against it.

UN Council Establishes Commission of Inquiry on Russian Invasion of Ukraine

In brief

— Ukrainians and third-country nationals have been pouring out of Ukraine this week as Russia steps up its air and land war. As of Friday evening, the total stood at more than 1.2 million mostly women, children and elderly people who have sought safety in Poland, Hungary, Moldova, Slovakia, Romania and other European countries. A small number have also gone to Russia and its ally Belarus. The number of displaced could rise to 10 million, the U.N. warned Thursday, nearly half of them refugees.

— The United States notified a dozen diplomats from Russia’s U.N. mission and one Russian U.N. staffer Monday that they are being expelled for espionage. They have until March 7 to leave the country. Russia’s U.N. ambassador said it was a “hostile action” by the U.S. government and violates Washington’s obligations as the host country of the United Nations.

Quote of note

“Indeed, every day provides us with newer and newer evidence that it is not only Ukraine under Russian attack. It is Europe. It is the entire world. It is humanity. And finally, it is the future of the next generations.”

— Ukrainian U.N. envoy Sergiy Kyslytsya, during an emergency Security Council meeting Friday following an attack on Ukraine’s largest nuclear power plant.

What we are watching next week

France and Mexico are negotiating the text of a draft U.N. Security Council resolution calling for safe and unhindered aid access for humanitarians in Ukraine. A vote is likely early next week. But, like a previous draft resolution condemning Russia’s invasion, Moscow could deploy its veto to block the measure when it comes for a vote.

Source: Voice of America

Ukraine As Sacrificial Lamb

These are dangerous times. The anguish and human sufferings inculcated in the war in Ukraine are too familiar that could and should have been avoidable from the outset.

More ominously, the world is on a precipice of a colossal disaster; the threat and potential for a major conflagration cannot be downplayed or shrugged off if we stay on this dangerous course.

This is not a crisis that erupted yesterday. The seeds of the current crisis were planted and have been brewing for the last thirty years by forces of domination and hegemony who craved to establish a unipolar world order. The inevitable corollary of this misguided and perilous policy was the encirclement and “containment” of Russia since it was perceived as the primary obstacle to their objectives.

Ukraine is sadly a victim and has been scape-goated in their overarching scheme of “tightening the noose on Russia”.

In this perspective, the issue is not a matter of support for Russia or Putin.

Global peace and cooperation, the future of humanity, depend on healthy and robust multilateralism anchored on adherence to, and respect of, international law; on compliance with all the provisions of the UN Charter.

A unipolar, or polarized world order, is antithetical to the fundamental pillars of robust multilateralism as well as the lofty aspirations of the majority of the world’s peoples and nations.

This is what is at stake in these crucial times.

Source: Ministry of Information Eritrea

Seminars in connection with 8 March

Seminars focusing on raising the awareness of women on various issues have been conducted in the Central Region in connection with 8 March, International Women’s Day.

At the seminars conducted at the Eritrea Police and Central Region Administration Halls, the Acting Commander of Police of the Central Region, Lt. Col. Ghirmai Gebremicael noting that women comprise half of the population of the Eritrean society called on them to play a leading role in abiding by and ensuring rule of law and as well as play due to part in the prevention of crimes and offenses.

Lt. Col. Ghirmay further called on women to actively engage in the prevention of the seldom occurring rape cases as well as harmful practices.

In a speech delivered focusing on the preservation and ensuring the continuity of the history and struggle of the people of Eritrea, Mr. Amanatulah Abdurahman, from ‘Rora Digital Library’ on his part indicating the decisive role of women particularly mothers to that regard called on youth females to fully comprehend the rich history and reinforce their resilience.

Speaking at the event, Ms. Tekea Tesfamicael, President of the National Union of Eritrean Women, on her part underlining the significance of commemorating 8 March, International Women’s Day, called on women, particularly the youth to exert effort in line with the theme of the Day, that is “Principled Belief for Timely Imperative”.

Source: Ministry of Information Eritrea

Latest Developments in Ukraine: March 4

For full coverage of the crisis in Ukraine, visit Flashpoint Ukraine.

For the latest developments of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, all times EST:

11:43 p.m.: The New York Times obtained and verified video from inside the nuclear power plant that Russian forces attacked on Friday morning.

11:02 p.m.: Among African students evacuated from Ukraine when Russia attacked were hundreds of Ghanaians, some of them arriving back home this week. But just an hour from the border with Russia, a number of Ghanaian and other African students are sheltering underground while waiting for a safe escape. VOA’s Senanu Tord reports from Accra, Ghana.

10:35 p.m.: The BBC reports that social media app Telegram will block Russian state media from using its services in Europe.

9 p.m.: Vice President Kamala Harris will travel to Poland and Romania next week, her office said Friday.

She will meet with the two countries’ leaders to discuss the continued support for Ukraine “through security, economic, and humanitarian assistance and our determination to impose severe economic consequences on Russia and those complicit in Russia’s invasion,” the announcement from her office said.

7:49 p.m.: U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Friday that Russian forces “are increasingly using brutal methods in Ukraine, including going at civilian populations.”

His comments followed a Russian attack on a Ukrainian nuclear plant — the largest facility of its kind in Europe — that had sparked a fire in a building at the plant compound.

“We are faced together with what is [Russian] President [Vladimir] Putin’s war of choice: unprovoked, unjustified, and a war that is having horrific, horrific consequences.”

7:22 p.m.: President Joe Biden met the president of Finland, Sauli Niinistö. They discussed strengthening bilateral relations and ensuring strong defense and deterrence in northern Europe.

The leaders also discussed ongoing transatlantic coordination to impose costs on Russia for its unprovoked and unjustified military invasion of Ukraine, and their respective efforts to provide security and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine.

The presidents committed to start a process that would strengthen U.S.-Finnish security cooperation, which would be conducted in close consultation with other Nordic countries. And they discussed the importance of NATO’s Open Door policy. Finland is not currently a NATO member.

6:45 p.m.: From Current Time Documentaries:

Patients and medical staff at Ukraine’s largest children’s hospital have been forced to shelter in the building’s basement as Russian forces continue to shell and advance on Kyiv. Among those being treated in the makeshift medical bunker at Okhmatdyt Hospital are children recovering from operations, young cancer patients, and newborn babies. The footage was filmed on March 1 by a Ukrainian documentary maker who wishes to remain anonymous.

4:53 p.m.: The reactors at Ukraine’s largest nuclear plant were not affected during a Russian attack on the site in the early hours Friday.

“We confirm through our contacts at the regulator, but also directly from plant — we were able to confirm that no security or safety systems have been compromised, neither of the reactors themselves have been hit by this projectile,” IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi told an emergency meeting of the U.N. Security Council.

IAEA Chief: Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Plant Safe After Russian Strike

Unusually, the nuclear watchdog chief spoke by video connection from an airplane. He said he was on a flight to Iran to deal with outstanding nuclear issues there.

4:17 p.m.: U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken met Friday with leaders of the European Union, pledging with them to keep up the pressure on Russia with sanctions in response to its invasion of Ukraine.

Speaking to reporters ahead of the meeting, the top U.S. diplomat said what is at risk with Russia’s invasion — along with the lives of Ukrainians — are fundamental principles of peace and security that the world established during two world wars, which Russian President Vladimir Putin “is egregiously violating every single day.”

Top US Diplomat, EU Leaders Agree to Continue Pressure on Moscow

3:11 p.m.: The head of Russia’s space agency has threatened to end service to the International Space Station and may curtail cooperation on the station because of Western sanctions against Russia over the invasion of Ukraine.

“We can’t supply the United States with our world’s best rocket engines. Let them fly on something else, their broomsticks, I don’t know what,” Roscosmos chief Dmitry Rogozin said.

3:05 p.m.: Russia blocks access to Facebook and Twitter. It said it took the action following “26 cases of discrimination against Russian media and information resources by Facebook.”

Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine last week, social media companies have taken measures to restrict access to Russian state media.

2:40 p.m.: White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki distances Biden administration from Senator Lindsey Graham’s comment calling for Vladimir Putin’s assassination, reports VOA White House bureau chief Patsy Widakuswara.

2:20 p.m.: White House says President Joe Biden spoke Friday with Poland’s Andrezej Duda, thanked Duda and Polish people for hosting nearly 700,000 refugees from Ukraine. Says Biden also reiterated U.S. commitment to security of Poland and all NATO allies. U.S. currently has about 9,000 military personnel in Poland to assure eastern NATO members.

2:05 p.m.: Pentagon spokesman says Russian forces attacking area near Ukraine’s Odessa, reports VOA’s Jeff Seldin:

12:35 p.m.: Besheer reports: Russian ambassador to U.N. rejects accusations that Russia created dangerous situation during seizure of Zaporizhzhya nuclear facility.

12:30 p.m.: U.N. Human Rights Council to create commission of inquiry on Russia invasion of Ukraine. Only Russia and Eritrea vote against.

12:13 p.m.: Besheer reports: US ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield calls on Russia to avoid repeat of attack on nuclear plant.

12:06 p.m.: Head of International Atomic Energy Agency confirms Zaporizhzhya nuclear facility unaffected after Russian attack and takeover, per VOA’s United Nations correspondent Margaret Besheer.

11:52 a.m.: The BBC suspends the work of its journalists in Russia, citing new law that makes it illegal to spread “fake” news about armed forces.

11:45 a.m.: U.N. Security Council holding emergency meeting on Russia’s takeover of Zaporizhzhya nuclear facility in Ukraine. U.N. Under Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs Rosemary DiCarlo says, “Military operations around nuclear sites and other critical infrastructure are not only unacceptable but highly irresponsible.”

11:11 a.m.: VOA responded Friday after the Russian government blocked access inside the country to VOA’s Russian-language news site, www.golosameriki.com.

In a statement, VOA Acting director Yolanda Lopez said audiences in Russia “deserve access to factual news content” and said VOA supports ways of bypassing the Russian blocking efforts.

Russia had warned it would cut off access to the site unless VOA removed news content that reported on the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

10:57 a.m.: Some Russians and Ukrainians seeking asylum are trying to enter the United States through its southern neighbor, according to Reuters.

10:40 a.m.: The International Organization for Migration said Friday the number of refugees fleeing Ukraine has now topped 1.25 million. About half of the refugees have gone to Poland.

10:25 a.m.: Senior US defense official says Russians have not advanced closer to Kyiv, reports VOA’s national security correspondent Jeff Seldin. Official also says Ukrainians still control port city of Mariupol.

10:03 a.m.: VOA’s national security correspondent Jeff Seldin reports a growing number of countries are giving security support to Ukraine:

9:31 a.m.: The president of Belarus says his country’s troops are not involved in Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

Ukraine said Tuesday that Belarus had joined the invasion, but a U.S. defense official later told reporters that “we’ve seen no indication of that.”

8:45 a.m.: VOA’s Margareet Besheer reports the U.N. Security Council will hold an emergency meeting late Friday morning in New York, following a request from Britain, the United States and four other countries to discuss the Russian attack on the Zaporizhzhya nuclear facility in Ukraine.

U.N. nuclear chief Rafael Grossi says no damage was done to the nuclear reactors at Zaporizhzhya when a projectile hit a building, according to Reuters. Grossi said he thought the projectile was Russian. Russia’s defense minister has blamed the attack on Ukrainian saboteurs.

U.N. and Ukrainian officials say a huge fire that burned at the site has been extinguished and no radiation was released. Russian troops have taken control of the site but the plant’s staff continue to ensure normal operations.

7:15 a.m. A British newspaper says Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy survived at least three assassination attempts this week:

7:o3 a.m.: The U.S. Embassy in Ukraine tweeted its condemnation of Russia’s shelling of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant:

5:53 a.m.: Protest in Indonesia.

5:42 a.m.: The Associated Press reports three Ukrainian troops were killed when Russia attacked the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant.

5:25 a.m.: Countries across Asia are condemning Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Some key Asian countries are even joining international sanctions against Moscow. As VOA’s Bill Gallo reports, it is not just U.S. allies that are concerned.

4:55 a.m.: Ukraine tells its people to be on guard against fake news, warning the Russians will likely begin such a campaign soon.

Russia, meanwhile, will introduce prison terms for spreading fake news about the army, Al Jazeera reports.

4:30 a.m.: Rafael Mariano Grossi, head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, holds a press conference on the situation at Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant.

3:56 a.m.: NBC News reports that Russian troops have surrounded the city of Mariupol.

3:25 a.m.: China has rejected a report that said its officials told their Russian counterparts to delay an invasion of Ukraine until after the Beijing Winter Olympics. Experts say the flap indicates Chinese leaders could have known an attack was coming and that such a discovery would taint China’s reputation in the West. VOA’s Ralph Jennings has the story.

3 a.m.: A show of support at the Western Wall:

2:30 a.m.: Ukraine says the Russians now have control of the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant. Reuters has the story.

The international community has concerns about nuclear power plants in war zones. VOA explains why.

1:58 a.m.: The BBC reports that Airbnb is suspending operations in Russia and Belarus. The American company lets property owners rent their homes to travelers.

12:46 a.m.: Ukraine’s State Emergency Service says the nuclear power plant fire is out, and there were no victims.

12:31 a.m.: The fire at Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant is out, Reuters reports.

12:26 a.m.: More than 1 million Ukrainians have fled the country in the first week of Russia’s invasion, according to the United Nations, with over 500,000 crossing into Poland. A further million are internally displaced within Ukraine. The EU predicts that up to 7 million Ukrainians could leave in the coming weeks. VOA’s Henry Ridgwell has the story.

12:13 a.m.: NBC News reports that volunteers are crossing the Polish border into Ukraine to fight the Russians.

Source: Voice of America

Undertaking for reinforced social security programs

At a meeting conducted on 1 March, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare branch in Anseba region stated that intensive programs will be undertaken this year with the view to ensure the social security of nationals.

Noting that identification and providing solutions to the problems the society face require rigorous research and commitment, Mr. Mohammed Jabir, head of the branch, called for strong participation and integrated effort of all concerned institutions.

Pointing out that intensive awareness-raising campaigns should be undertaken aimed at ensuring Children’s Rights as well as the elimination of harmful practices, Mr. Mohammed reminded us that supporting the disabled is the responsibility of every citizen.

At the meeting, it was reported that in 2021 about 14 million Nakfa was disbursed to families of martyrs, 265 thousand 572 Nakfa to disadvantaged families, over a million Nakfa to 156 orphan caregivers, and various educational materials to 1 thousand 050 homeless and disadvantaged students.

Besides, over 5.5 million Nakfa was extended with the view to enable disadvantaged families to become economically self-supportive, as well as to the development of community-based rehabilitation programs and disadvantaged women and senior citizens, and that material support was extended to disadvantaged families in Keren, Hagaz, Adi-Tekelezan, Elaberet, and Hamelmalo.

The report also indicated that extensive awareness-raising campaigns and seminars were organized focusing on ensuring child rights and security, illegal immigration, and its consequence, as well as eliminating harmful practices.

The Director-General of Social Services in Anseba Region, Mr. Tesfatsion Ghirmai, on his part underlining the seriousness of the task to be undertaken called for the integrated effort of all institutions.

Finally, participants conducted extensive discussions on the report presented and adopted various recommendations.

Source: Ministry of Information Eritrea

An Exemplary City-born Farmer

Agriculture is one of the most important sectors in Eritrea, and Eritrean farmers have been designing techniques to maximize their products and maintain efficiency. Mrs. Ghenet Bokrezion is an exemplary Eritrean farmer at Himbrti subzone, Central region, who has shown progress in agriculture and renewable energy.

Mrs. Ghenet is not your typical Eritrean farmer. She was born and raised in the city and studied mathematics at the University of Asmara. But through her relentless efforts and the support of her family and colleagues, she has become successful in agriculture and the production of clean and sustainable energy.

Mrs. Ghenet feels that her university education has helped her to broaden her interests in agriculture and poultry. In explaining how she ended up becoming a farmer, she said: “When we grow up, we are naturally inclined to things that please us and make us comfortable. In most of the field trips I have made and the women farmers I have met, poultry was the most common profession women invested in and excelled at. I used to work as part of ‘Women in Development’ (an association of women that brings together women entrepreneurs, including women farmers) in Eritrea and I saw golden opportunities that came with borrowing money and starting something. I asked myself ‘why cannot I do something?’ That question, determination, and family got me where I am.”

Mrs. Ghenet started her occupation as a farmer by importing 300 chicks from the Netherlands. She and her family rented a house at Adi Abeyto, a village on the outskirts of Asmara, where she set up her poultry farm. The quality of her chicken attracted customers who began to buy them in big numbers. Encouraged by this, she sold all the chicken she had and imported a large number of chicks of the same breed. This way her business grew and she was given permission to import chicks and sell to those who want to start poultry.

Mrs. Ghenet’s original poultry farm was located in a residential area and had to be relocated. She was given land in Himbirti, 30 km from Asmara, where she moved her poultry farm, expanded her operations, and developed innovative ideas.

In addition to poultry, she started a dairy farm and is producing butter and buttermilk. At Mrs. Ghenet’s farm, nothing is wasted and everything is used to its limit. Mrs. Ghenet has installed a biogas energy system in her house and developed a natural insecticide.

Using the dung of her cows Mrs. Ghenet has been able to produce environment-friendly, renewable biogas for domestic use. The byproduct of the fermented dung, which powers the oven in the kitchen, is then used as fertilizer. As the dung is very well fermented, the fertilizer does not have bad smell. Mrs. Ghenet said, “We use the fertilizer in our own homesteads. That way, we use the cow dung to its last form. If used wisely, it is a natural remedy that fills in multiple gaps in accessing resources in a safe and efficient manner.”

Mrs. Ghenet also made a natural insecticide using plants from her surroundings. The idea to make an insecticide was triggered by what she read in a magazine. When she realized that she had an easy access to all the ingredients needed to make the insecticide she did some more research on the material. After several trials, she was able to produce a perfect insecticide. Mrs. Ghenet said that it all started when she spotted a problem in her plants. Through trial and error she tried to treat her plants but to no avail. Then she came across a magazine which attracted her attention.

The insecticide Mrs. Ghenet produced is made of three ingredients: Neem, Aloe Vera and Chili. She said along with her fellow farmer in Asmara they have done trials to determine the right amount of ingredients to be used in making the insecticide. Mrs. Senait, a flower shop and nursery owner in Asmara, said she adopted the insecticide after doing her own experiments with it because it is environment-friendly and cost-effective.

Mrs. Ghenet said, “This particular solution (the insecticide) has helped me eliminate most of the insects in my field. It has proven effective and Mrs. Senait of Shami Flowers and Nursery, a nursery with a wide variety of plants and insects, has further ascertained its efficacy.”

Mrs. Ghenet has been conducting numerous experiments on different types of plants that would help her develop natural remedy in a scientific manner. She said the insecticide has proven to be a safe protection against all sorts of insects and pests she has encountered. Many farmers have applied it and applauded the results although they are concerned about its bad smell. Mrs. Ghenet said that she and her family have been doing extra research on ways to minimize the smell by rearranging the ratio of the ingredients.

Mrs. Ghenet said they are working to produce and present the insecticide in liquid and powder forms and promote its use all over the country. If everything goes well, they also have a plan to make it available at international markets. They are working in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and other concerned bodies to conduct further studies.

According to Mrs. Ghenet, the insecticide has been approved by the MoA and we have now reached a stage when we discuss how the product should be presented, as a liquid or powder.

Through her work as a farmer, Mrs. Ghenet has influenced all members of her family. Her eldest daughter, Dr. Saliem Mekonen, who studied medicine in college, said working in their family business has helped her see the extent to which women can work in all sectors of development. She said that her mother has been an example and inspiration in many ways, including her flexibility, commitment and hard work that made her successful.

Mrs. Ghenet is not only an exemplary farmer but she has proven what a woman can be: a wife, a mother, a friend, a farmer, a good citizen and more. Through hard work farmers like Mrs. Ghenet are contributing their share to ensure food security and access to clean and renewable energy, two crucial needs of human beings all over the world.

Source: Ministry of Information Eritrea

UN Council Establishes Commission of Inquiry on Russian Invasion of Ukraine

GENAVA — The 47-member U.N. Human Rights Council overwhelmingly condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. It voted Friday to establish a Commission of Inquiry to investigate violations of human rights and international humanitarian law resulting from Russia’s aggression against Ukraine.

The U.N. Human Rights Council adopted the resolution by a vote of 32 in favor, 13 abstentions and two against. Only Russia and Eritrea voted no to condemning Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

In an indication of how isolated Russia has become, even stalwart allies — China, Cuba, and Venezuela — chose to abstain rather than stand shoulder to shoulder with Moscow in rejecting the resolution.

While Belarus is not a member of the council, it took the floor in defense of its Russian ally. Belarus Counselor Andrei Taranda also took the occasion to deflect criticism against his country’s alliance with Moscow.

“A number of Western countries condemned Belarus for, as they put it, supporting the aggression against Ukraine. But let us be honest with ourselves. Who is fueling the flames of conflict in Ukraine? Unlike the co-sponsors of the resolution, Belarus is not sending weapons or mercenaries to the conflict zone. And there are no Belarusian soldiers on Ukrainian soil,” said Taranda, speaking through an interpreter.

The claim that no Belarusian soldiers are in Ukraine cannot be independently confirmed.

Conversely, Taranda said, Poland reportedly already has let 200 mercenaries into Ukraine, without citing evidence of this claim.

The Belarusian statement had little traction in the council. Country after country from all regions of the world — Europe, Africa, Asia, South America — rose to condemn Russia’s aggression in Ukraine.

Ambassador Sheba Crocker, U.S. representative to the U.N. and other international organizations in Geneva, said Russia must be held to account for its senseless, premeditated and unprovoked military attack on Ukraine.

“With millions of civilian lives at stake, Ukrainian and non-Ukrainian alike — as Russian troops open fire on the streets of Kyiv, as they drop bombs on residential buildings in populated areas, as they shell kindergarten students in their schools — Russia must be held to account by this council,” Crocker said.

The Human Rights Council resolution calls on the commission of inquiry to investigate all alleged violations and abuses of human rights stemming from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. It charges the commission to collect, analyze, and safeguard all evidence to be used in any future legal proceedings that may result from its probe.

Source: Voice of America